Showing posts with label Elder Care. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Elder Care. Show all posts

Thursday, April 10, 2014

How To Handle Changing Elder Care Needs


During the years I cared for multiple elders, I grew to dread the ringing of the telephone. It seemed most calls meant emergencies. One example? My neighbor, Joe, for whom I was the primary caregiver, wore a personal alarm so that he could push a button to notify a dispatch center if he had an emergency. The dispatch center would call him back. If he didn't answer his phone, they'd call me.
The moment is frozen in time for me when, just hours after I left his house, my phone rang. It was the dispatch center telling me that Joe had punched the help button and wasn't answering his phone. I immediately ran across the yard and pushed through the door. Joe was lying on the floor, with one leg at an unnatural angle. In agony, he just said "help me." Joe had broken his hip. I called 9-1-1 and we rode in the ambulance to the hospital. A few days later, Joe was moved to a nursing home, but he died within weeks.

My mother also wore a personal alarm, and I received frequent calls from the dispatch center to check on her. It was a short drive to her apartment, but always an anxiety laden drive for me. What would I find? Mom fell often, and that meant frequent trips to the emergency room. Eventually, because of the falls and other medical issues, she needed nursing home care, so we moved her to a
nearby facility.

For my dad, the life-changing situation was brain surgery gone seriously wrong, which for him, also meant a move to the nursing home. For my uncle, it was a massive stroke.


On duty 24/7
One of the most exhausting parts of being a caregiver, from my point of view, is that there's always the threat of an emergency that we are responsible to handle. We are literally on call 24 hours a day, seven days a week, even if our elders don't live in our own household.

Of course, anyone can have a life-changing emergency. A spouse can be in a car accident. A child can be injured playing a sport. However, when we are caregivers to vulnerable people who are completely dependent upon us, and who likely have health problems to begin with, we are much more apt to face an emergency that can change current plans for anything from a few hours to the rest of our elders' lives. Frequently, that change means hiring outside help such as in-home care or moving our loved one to a care facility.


How do we prepare to handle the potential, often rapidly changing needs of our loved ones?
  • Work with your elders to make sure that you (if you are the primary caregiver) have the Power Of Attorney for health care, often called a health directive. Be sure that their clinic, hospital and doctor have a copy of this document. Keep a copy in the glove compartment of your car, and of course with their (and your) important papers at the homes. With this document on record and/or in hand, you can make the decisions necessary to continue caring for your elders if they can't speak for themselves.
  • If possible, plan ahead with your loved ones about their preferences should life-changing emergencies occur. Do they prefer in-home care, if that is an option? Or is there an assisted living facility or a skilled nursing home that would be better? Maybe you'd like to tour local facilities with them, if they are willing. Never promise not to "put them in a nursing home." Just tell them that you want to know their preferences for care under different scenarios and that you will do the very best thing for their health and safety, given the circumstances at the time.· If your elders live on their own, even if there are two of them, I'd suggest a personal alarm for each of them – or some type of monitoring – so that they can summon help should they not be able to phone.
  • Help them make a list, to be placed in an obvious spot such as on the refrigerator, for emergency crews. This list should include emergency numbers, medications and allergies, along with known illnesses such as diabetes. Don't make this list too complicated. If there is a lot of information for medics, provide the most necessary information on the emergency sheet, then write "a more complete list is on the kitchen table," or wherever there is a convenient spot for a longer document. The idea is that if medics arrive before you do, they should be able to quickly note any essential health information that would assist them in tending to your elder.
  • Keep copies of their Medicare and other insurance cards in their wallets, however keep originals with you. In this way, you can do the paperwork in the emergency room while they are being helped by medics. This system helped me several times when my parents were rushed to ER from the nursing home. I signed them in while they were being transported. Then I could be with them as soon as they arrived.
  • Have a dependable replacement in mind that can help with emergencies if you become unavailable for any reason. This will benefit your elders and yourself. You may even be able to take a few days off from the stress of being on call 24/7.

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Friday, March 7, 2014

Tax Tips For Caregivers

Before filing your taxes, don't miss out on deductions related to medical expenses and other costs that come out of your wallet as you care for a family member throughout the year.

An estimated one-third of U.S. taxpayers, or about 45 million people, itemize their taxes instead of taking IRS' standard deduction. An estimated $1.26 trillion worth of deductions are claimed annually, according to experts with TurboTax.

See if you can get a break on your taxes, with these 10 tax deductions.

1. Medical expenses
Nearly 100 medical costs can be deducted, related to the diagnosis, treatment, cure or prevention of disease or costs for treating any part of the body. Those include equipment, services and supplies, ranging from glasses to eye surgery to acupuncture to prescriptions.
"Lots of adults are paying for prescriptions for their elderly parents," says Melissa Labant, a CPA and technical manager for the American Institute of CPAs.
Even artificial limbs, bandages, hearing aids and wigs are accepted medical expenses (for others, see IRS' Publication 502). The medical and dental costs must total more than 10 percent of your adjusted gross income to be deducted (7.5 percent if either you or your spouse was born before January 2, 1949).

2. Long-term health care costs
An often-missed expense is the amount paid for long-term care services and long-term care insurance (that's a more limited deduction, depending on age). Rehabilitation, therapeutic, preventative and personal care services are among those that qualify as long-term care services, if your family member is chronically ill and if it's part of a plan set by a health care practitioner.

Someone is considered chronically ill if they can't perform at least two activities of daily living (such as eating, toileting, bathing and dressing) without substantial assistance from someone else.

3. Mileage
From weekly doctor's appointments to out-of-town visits with a specialist or for a procedure, the miles you log for your parents' medical needs can be deducted."You can take that if they qualify as your dependent. Keep a log as you're running around," says Mary Beth Saylor, a CPA and tax principal with Windham Brannon, an Atlanta-based accounting firm. "I've hardly seen anybody really keep up with that." You can take approximately 24 cents a mile for 2013, for medical mileage.

If you're staying overnight for a medical purpose, deduct $50 per night, for each person, for lodging.

4. Dental expenses
Go ahead and smile – dental expenses are among the costs that some people ignore, including dentures and artificial teeth.

5. Home improvements for aging adults
Investing in ramps for a wheelchair-bound parent, handrails and grab bars in the bathroom or a stepless shower can be part of a deduction. It doesn't matter if the improvements are in your home or your parents' home, as long as it doesn't add value to the house, Saylor says.
The IRS says that the cost of the improvement is reduced by the increase in your property value. Other changes, such as widening doorways and hallways, lowering kitchen cabinets and installing lifts, also typically do not add value to houses.

6. Energy-saving home improvements
Whether or not you did this in the course of being a caregiver, any energy-saving changes are eligible for a credit. For more traditional items such as insulation and windows, it's 10 percent of the cost (a maximum of $500). For alternative energy equipment, like a solar hot water heater, the credit is up to 30 percent of the cost. Find more details from the federal EnergyStar program.(www.energystar.gov)

7. Mortgage interest
If you are paying interest on your or your parents' home loans, construction loans or home equity lines of credit, it's deductible. There are some limitations, though, so you need to discuss with your accountant.

8. State and local sales tax
This is an excellent idea if you live in a state that doesn't have income tax. If you do, you'll need to make a choice: Deduct state and local sales taxes, or state and local income taxes. You may find that the best financial benefit, in that case, is to stick with the income tax deduction, according to experts with TurboTax. Take some time to figure out your best option by using the IRS sales tax calculator.

9. Estate tax on an inherited IRA
This is not as easy as deducting medical expenses or charitable contributions, but is worth checking out. If you inherited an IRA from your parents, you could take an deduction for the federal estate tax paid on IRA income.

10. Charitable contributions
Of course, you may know to estimate the value of items you or your parents donate to charity. But you also can include other out-of-pocket costs related to volunteering. If you or your parents bought ingredients to make meals for the homeless or elderly, or if you drove a personal vehicle while volunteering or assisting a charity, those and other costs can be deducted.

Dementia Signage for the Home

 

Monday, October 14, 2013

Balancing Elder Care With Other Relationships

First to go is the time, or even the energy and desire, to maintain friendships. Even maintaining friendships that go back years can seem like just one more thing to do when a caregiver is so swamped with demands.

So, caregivers stop seeing friends, hence friends stop asking them to do anything fun. Friends get tired of being turned down. And caregivers forget that life was once fun. They are too busy giving care to everyone else to even notice the loss.

Then there are the children at home. I had two young sons when I started going through my two decades of elder care, seven elders total. One of my sons has multiple health issues. I believe I gave my sons as much attention and care as any mother could, but I was always torn. It seemed someone always needed me. A child was sick and an elder's personal alarm was set off. What should I do? How should I handle it?

Or I'd just be having fun with my sons, and I'd get called away on an emergency. My sons got used to me telling them that we had to stop what we were doing, be it playing music, reading or a craft, because I had to run to Grandma's and see what's wrong, since her personal alarm was set off. Or I had to meet the ambulance at the emergency room, because Grandpa fell at the nursing home and broke his arm. Or I needed to reschedule my uncle's doctor appointment, because he was had gotten the flu.

Certainly, it doesn't hurt children to know that elders need care, and children need to share their parents with the older generation. Likely, my kids had a little too much of that, but they survived. However, some children have much tougher issues than mine had to face. Some have grandparents with dementia living in their home, verbally or even physically abusing them. Or a single mom and her kids find it more economical to live with the grandparents, but the grandparents end up sucking up all of Mom's time. The parent – the caregiver to generations – can't see a way out, so the family stays. But the relationships with the children are damaged.

And then there are the marriages. I hear from many caregivers who have supportive spouses, but I also hear from many who do not. The spouse feels neglected. The spouse never liked the elder, and now that the elder needs a lot of care, the spouse becomes even more resentful. The stress in the marriage can be intolerable for both sides. Marriages can and do break, under the stress of caregiving.
How much do caregivers owe their aging parents? Do they owe their health, their financial future, their family relationships? Where does "honoring your parents" begin and end?

I don't believe anyone owes their own health, their marriage or their children's emotional well-being to the elder that raised them. In most cases, the elders, if they could think straight, wouldn't want that kind of sacrifice made for their benefit. However, often they've gotten to a point where they don't recognize what they are demanding of the caregiver, so they resent not getting every need met and make that resentment well known.

This is where caregivers must take a stand. They must look for outside resources such as their state aging services for some direction. They must learn to balance their love and their time, giving as much care as possible to the elder, yet making sure that they have time, patience and energy for their children, their spouse and even their friends. If they don't do this early on, breaking the pattern will become harder, though not impossible, as time passes.

Certainly, if the elder's life is coming to a close, the whole family should gather around in support. But if elder caregiving is a long-term situation, the caregiver should look for balance. She needs to set boundaries as far as the elder care goes. If she does not, all relationships that matter will be damaged, even the relationship with the elder. The caregiver who feels she has given up everything for everyone else will find that no one got what they needed. If the elder care situation sucks the life out of all other relationships, everyone loses.

 

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